Technical Center: Parts, Operating Conditions, Materials and Manufacturing

Start with the equipment and installation position, assess wear and failure modes, and shortlist material families. Then use drawings, standards, inspection reports and actual operating conditions to confirm the grade, heat treatment and manufacturing requirements.

566 Technical Standard Downloads 15 Material families 48 Equipment types 4 Basis for material confirmation
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Parts and Materials

Select materials for the part, operating conditions and manufacturing process

Confirm the equipment, installation position, processed material, impact and wear mechanism before selecting candidate material families. Parts with the same name may require very different materials and heat treatments because particle size, impact energy, temperature, corrosion and section dimensions differ.

Limits of Preliminary Material Selection Material families support preliminary screening. The specific grade, composition, hardness, heat treatment, dimensions and service life require confirmation against drawings, standards, inspection reports and actual operating conditions.
  1. 01 EQUIPMENT Confirm equipment, brand, model and installation position
  2. 02 DUTY Record processed material, particle size, impact, wear and working medium
  3. 03 FAILURE Identify abrasion, erosion, fracture, fatigue or corrosion
  4. 04 MATERIAL Select candidate material families, microstructures and processes
  5. 05 VERIFY Confirm the final specification using drawings, drawing numbers, standards and test results

Metals for Load, Impact and Wear

For crushing, grinding and drive components, hardness is only one factor. Impact toughness, hardenability, section size, fatigue strength and heat-treatment consistency also determine reliability.

M-01 · IMPACT WEAR

High-Manganese Steel

Key properties
Work-hardens at the surface under sufficient impact and compression while retaining toughness.
Typical components
Jaw plates, gyratory and cone crusher mantles and concaves, high-impact hammers and selected impact liners.

Low-impact areas dominated by sliding wear from fine material may not develop sufficient work hardening.

View high-manganese steel applications →
M-02 · MILL LINERS

Chromium-Molybdenum and Martensitic Wear Steels

Key properties
Alloying and heat treatment balance hardenability, hardness and impact resistance.
Typical components
SAG and ball mill shell liners, lifters, end liners and discharge grates, plus blow bars and impact liners for moderate impact.

Chromium-molybdenum steel, martensitic steel and ordinary structural steel are distinct materials; differentiate them by section size and impact conditions.

View alloy-steel application limits →
M-03 · ABRASION

High-Chromium White Cast Iron

Key properties
Its hard carbide structure suits severe abrasion and slurry erosion.
Typical components
Slurry-pump impellers and liners, vertical-mill roller tyres and tables, selected impact-crusher blow bars, and highly abrasive liners exposed to low or moderate impact.

Use cautiously where large lumps strike directly, tramp metal is present or substantial bending loads occur.

View high-chromium iron applications →
M-04 · STRUCTURE & DRIVE

Structural and Drive Alloy Steels

Key properties
Strength, toughness, fatigue resistance and hardenability are central. Quench-and-temper treatment, carburizing or induction hardening can provide different surface and core properties.
Typical components
Main shafts, gears, pinions, ring gears, pins, sprockets, pulleys, hammer shafts, tie rods and heavy-duty fasteners.

Drive parts must first carry load. Nominal hardness or a generic wear-steel label is not enough to justify substitution.

View drive-component materials →
M-05 · WEAR PLATE

Quenched-and-Tempered Wear Plate

Key properties
Combines surface wear resistance, useful toughness and cutting and welding capability for plate-based protective structures.
Typical components
Bin and chute liners, feed and discharge liners, frame guards, screen-box protection and casing plates.

Check thickness, welding heat input, bend radius and low-temperature impact properties against the structure.

View wear-plate applications →
M-06 · BEARING SURFACES

Bearing Steels, Copper Alloys and Plain-Bearing Materials

Key properties
These materials address rolling-contact fatigue or the low friction, embeddability and seizure resistance required in sliding bearings.
Typical components
Rolling bearings, eccentric bushings, spider bushings, main-shaft bushings, thrust plates, bearing shells and Babbitt bearing layers.

Match the journal, clearance, lubrication, load and contamination control as a system.

View bearing materials and copper alloys →

Hard Phases, Composites and Surface Engineering

Place very hard material in the wear zone while retaining a tough load-bearing substrate. Interfaces, attachment methods and heat-affected zones often matter more than hardness alone.

M-07 · CEMENTED CARBIDE

Tungsten Carbide

Key properties
The tungsten-carbide hard phase provides high abrasion resistance, while the binder balances fracture resistance.
Typical components
HPGR roll studs, VSI rotor tips and carbide strips, crushing teeth and inserts in severe-wear zones.

Not suited to monolithic structural parts undergoing large deformation. Stud geometry, retention and brazing quality are critical.

View carbide and composite applications →
M-08 · CERAMIC COMPOSITE

Wear-Resistant Ceramics and Ceramic Composites

Key properties
High hardness and erosion and corrosion resistance; rubber, polyurethane or metal matrices can cushion brittle ceramic elements.
Typical components
Hydrocyclone cones and spigots, low-impact chutes, pipe linings, and ceramic-metal composite liners and blow bars.

Uncushioned ceramics are unsuitable for direct impact from large lumps. Specify ceramic type, purity, attachment and substrate.

View ceramic-composite applications →
M-09 · BIMETAL / MMC

Bimetallic and Metal-Matrix Composites

Key properties
A tough substrate carries the load while a hard working layer or embedded phase resists local wear.
Typical components
Composite hammers, blow bars, roll shells, tooth segments, steel-backed high-chromium layers and ceramic/MMC liners.

Composite is not a material grade. Reliability depends on interface bonding, hard-phase placement and impact limits.

View bimetallic designs →
M-10 · SURFACE ENGINEERING

Hardfacing and Surface Engineering

Key properties
Creates a wear-resistant layer tailored to the wear pattern on a weldable substrate, supporting local repair or remanufacture.
Typical components
HPGR roll surfaces, vertical-mill roller tyres and tables, screw flights, scrapers, wear-resistant composite plate and remanufactured parts.

Control substrate weldability, dilution, interpass temperature, cracking and residual stress.

View hardfacing and repair →
M-11 · HEAT / CORROSION

Heat-Resistant, Corrosion-Resistant and Specialty Alloys

Key properties
Maintain strength and microstructural stability under high temperature, corrosion, thermal cycling or special media.
Typical components
Kiln hot-end parts, corrosion-resistant pump components, nozzles, screen mesh, hot-zone liners and parts for special media.

Select by temperature, medium, stress and manufacturing process together. Generic labels such as heat-resistant or stainless steel cannot replace a grade specification.

View specialty-material limits →

Polymers, Elastomers and Sealing Materials

These materials cannot be treated simply as plastic or rubber. Suitability depends on friction, impact, slurry, temperature, medium, creep and attachment method.

M-12 · ELASTOMER

Rubber, Polyurethane and Flexible Composites

Key properties
Absorb impact and vibration, reduce noise and can provide resistance to slurry wear and corrosion.
Typical components
Rubber and rubber-metal mill liners, screen panels, hydrocyclone and pump liners, and scrapers.

Distinguish rubber liners, PU wear parts and sealing elastomers: their temperature, hydrolysis and tear-resistance limits differ.

View rubber and polyurethane applications →
M-13 · LOW FRICTION LINER

Modified UHMWPE Mining Liners

Key properties
Low friction and water absorption, combined with impact and wear resistance, can reduce material buildup and sliding resistance.
Typical components
Polymer liners for HPGR receiving and feed hoppers, bins, chutes and material-guiding areas.

Check temperature, creep, stresses around holes and direct impact. Molecular weight, formulation and service life cannot be inferred from the material name.

View material, component and project limits →
M-14 · SEALING

Sealing Elastomers and Engineering Plastics

Key properties
Select elastomers or low-friction engineering plastics according to oil type, temperature, pressure, wear and chemical medium.
Typical components
Hydraulic-cylinder seals, dust seals, shaft seals, O-rings, wipers and low-friction guide elements.

NBR, HNBR, FKM, PU and PTFE have different temperature and media limits and are not universally interchangeable.

View sealing materials and components →

Quick Reference: Components and Candidate Materials

This table supports preliminary screening, not final material selection. Confirm the final specification against the equipment model, drawing number, dimensions, processed material and failure photographs.

Component groupMain conditions / failure modesCommon candidate materialsFinal checks
Jaw plates, mantles, concaves and crusher linersCompression and impact from large ore lumps; gouging, plastic deformation or fatigue cracking.High-manganese steel; alloyed high-manganese steel, martensitic steel or composites in selected conditions.Feed size, hardness, impact energy, tramp-metal risk, chamber profile and liner thickness.
SAG/ball mill liners, lifters and gratesCombined impact, sliding or rolling wear, slurry corrosion and cyclic loading.Chromium-molybdenum steel, martensitic steel, high-manganese steel, rubber or rubber-metal composites.Mill size and speed, ball charge, ore size, installation position, section geometry and liner lifting action.
HPGR roll surfaces, studs and receiving-hopper linersHigh-pressure material-bed wear and edge erosion; hopper zones also face falling-material impact, sliding and buildup.Roll hardfacing and tungsten-carbide studs; quenched-and-tempered wear plate, rubber or modified UHMWPE for the receiving hopper.Roll pressure, material, drop height, temperature, liner attachment, hole-edge stress and recorded field life.
Wetted parts of slurry pumps, hydrocyclones and slurry pipelinesSlurry erosion, particle abrasion, corrosion and local cavitation.High-chromium white iron, rubber, polyurethane, wear-resistant ceramics or corrosion-resistant specialty alloys.Particle size and concentration, flow velocity, pH, temperature, cavitation location and assembly method.
Bin, chute, feed and discharge linersSliding wear, falling-material impact, buildup, noise and local corrosion.Quenched-and-tempered wear plate, UHMWPE, ceramic-rubber composite panels, rubber or bimetallic plate.Drop height, impact angle, particle size, temperature, buildup tendency, support and attachment structure.
Gears, pinions, ring gears, shafts and sprocketsCyclic bending, contact fatigue, impact loading, tooth-flank wear and journal wear.Quenched-and-tempered alloy steel, carburizing steel or induction-hardened steel; select copper alloys or plain-bearing materials for bushings according to load.Load spectrum, module and dimensions, core toughness, hardened tooth layer, fits, lubrication and non-destructive testing.
Bushings, bearing shells, housings and thrust componentsSliding friction, boundary lubrication, uneven loading, contamination and fatigue.Copper alloys, Babbitt, bearing steel, engineering plastics or composite plain-bearing materials.Journal material, clearance, bearing pressure, speed, lubrication method, temperature rise and contamination control.
Seals, wipers, guide rings and hydraulic componentsOil or slurry media, pressure cycling, temperature, friction and particle ingress.NBR, HNBR, FKM, PU, PTFE and composite sealing systems.Media compatibility, operating temperature, pressure, speed, groove dimensions and surface roughness.
Project-Specific Material Limits

Almalyk Mining: Modified UHMWPE Liners for an HPGR Feed Hopper

Equipment and component: Polymer receiving/feed-hopper liners for the FLSmidth HPGR PM9-24/19M, covered by the MЗ-0621 drawing series. The manufacturing drawing specifies a finished thickness of 60 mm.

Why this material family: This location combines falling-material impact, sliding wear and buildup risk. Candidate materials must balance low friction and water absorption with impact and wear resistance.

Project limits: Molecular weight and formulation are project requirements; field life is project feedback. The customer's 24-month requirement is not a universal service-life commitment.

How to Use the Material Guides

Confirm Candidate Materials Against Part Location and Actual Failure

Start with the part: Liners, gears, bushings, seals and hoppers in the same machine perform different duties. A general requirement for wear resistance cannot determine one material for all of them.

Then confirm the specification: Material pages guide preliminary screening. Confirm the final grade, process and inspection requirements against drawings, operating conditions, failure photographs and the technical agreement.

Include at least the following in your enquiry: Equipment brand and model, part name or drawing number, installation position, dimensions or drawings, processed material, particle size, current material, failure photographs, expected life and quantity. ANRANST uses these to identify the part, shortlist materials, check manufacturing processes and confirm the supply route.

Cannot Find a Standard or Material? Send Your Operating Conditions

A material name is only the starting point. Engineers need part details, drawings and actual operating conditions to assess candidate materials, manufacturing processes and inspection requirements:

Ore / processed material Equipment brand and model Key component Current material Failure photographs Target service life
Send operating conditions for a quote

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Manufacturing Services in China

From Technical Assessment to Finished-Part Delivery

ANRANST helps customers worldwide source custom parts, wear parts and industrial spares from China, coordinating technical advice, suppliers, quality control and finished-part delivery. The service can also extend to other custom industrial components.

01

Drawing and Engineering Review

Equipment and part identification, drawing checks, material selection and manufacturing feasibility assessment.

02

Material and Heat-Treatment Specification

Material grades and heat-treatment processes are specified order by order, confirmed in the technical agreement and tracked through production.

03

Quality Control

Drawing confirmation, material and process control, production monitoring, inspection and acceptance coordination.

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Coordinate manufacturing, quality confirmation, packaging and delivery of finished parts through a practical supply process.

Send the model, drawings, drawing or part numbers, material and operating conditions so we can define the technical checks and supply route.

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